GITA GOVINDAM- CHAPTER -೧
GITA GOVINDAM (ಗೀತಗೋವಿಂದಂ)
Gita Govindam, lyrical poetry in Sanskrit celebrating the love between Krishna and the gopis, specifically Radha, is authored by Jayadeva, the ೧೨th century devotee-poet from Orissa. The basis for this work is the ೫ chapters ೨೯ to ೩೩ of Srimadbhagavatam (known as Rasapanchadhyaayi) which describe the events leading to the rasaleela, the great dance on the banks of the Yamuna where each gopi thinks that Krishna is with her. Srimadbhagavatam, however, does not specifically talk about a gopi named Radha though Radha is described as the very heart of Krishna in some of the other Puranas.
The above theme has been developed in Gita Govindam to such an extent that it is known as ‘Sringara Mahakavya’ wherein the predominant sentiment is sringara (erotic sentiment) in all its various moods in relation to the divine love between Radha and Krishna. The ecstasy of union, the agony of separation, the anxious moments of wait for the loved one are all treated with sensitivity and poetic excellence. The whole work is divided into twelve chapters ( sargas), each chapter containing one or more prabandhas. There are ೨೪ prabandhas each containing couplets grouped into eights called Ashtapadis, songs with a refrain specific to that Ashatapadi. There are in all ೨೪ Ashtapadis in Gita Govindam. Each Chapter may have one or more slokas in different metres of Sanskrit poetry interspersed with the Ashtapadis. It is said that the Poet-devotee Jayadeva would sing the Ashtapadis and his wife Padmavati would dance to the music. There have been many choreographic works to enact and present the Ashtapadis as a dance drama.
Given below is the text of the First Chapter (ಪ್ರಥಮಃ ಸರ್ಗಃ) with a prosaic translation in English for those who cannot follow the Sanskrit of the original. The translation in no way can do justice to the poetic excellence or the beauty of expression of the original.
CHAPTER-೧
Prabandha-೧
ಮೇಘೈರ್ಮೇದುರಮಂಬರಂ ವನಭುವಃ ಶ್ಯಾಮಾಃ ತಮಾಲದ್ರುಮೈಃ
ನಕ್ತಂಭೀರುರಯಂ ತ್ವಮೇವ ತದಿಮಂ ರಾಧೇ ಗೃಹಂ ಪ್ರಾಪಯ|
ಇತ್ಥಂ ನಂದನಿದೇಶತಃ ಚಲಿತಯೋಃ ಪ್ರತ್ಯಧ್ವಕುಂಜದ್ರುಮಂ
ರಾಧಾಮಾಧವಯೋರ್ಜಯಂತಿ ಯಮುನಾಕೂಲೇ ರಹಃ ಕೇಲಯಃ ||
It is evening, clouds are gathering in the sky, the forest is dark with tamala trees and Krishna is afraid of the darkness of night. Nandagopa asks Radha to take Krishna home safely. Victory to the love sports of Radha and Madhava in the secrecy of every bush and bower on the banks of Yamuna, on their way home.
ವಾಗ್ದೇವತಾ ಚರಿತಚಿತ್ರಿತಚಿತ್ತಸದ್ಮಾ
ಪದ್ಮಾವತೀಚರಣಚಾರಣಚಕ್ರವರ್ತೀ|
ಶ್ರೀವಾಸುದೇವರತಿಕೇಲಿಕಥಾ ಸಮೇತಂ
ಏತಂ ಕರೋತಿ ಜಯದೇವಕವಿಃ ಪ್ರಬಂಧಂ||
Poet Jayadeva whose heart is the abode of Goddess Saraswati, who is the chief devotee at the lotus feet of Padmavati (Radha) is writing this prabandham in which are included descriptions of the love sports of Krishna.
ಯದಿ ಹರಿಸ್ಮರಣೇ ಸರಸಂ ಮನಃ
ಯದಿ ವಿಲಾಸಕಲಾಸು ಕುತೂಹಲಂ|
ಮಧುರಕೋಮಲಕಾಂತಪದಾವಲಿಂ
ಶೃಣು ತದಾ ಜಯದೇವಸರಸ್ವತೀಂ||
If your mind revels in remembering Krishna and if you are interested in the art of love then listen to these sweet and tender verses of Jayadeva’s work.
ವಾಚಃ ಪಲ್ಲವಯತ್ಯುಮಾಪತಿಧರಃ ಸಂದರ್ಭಶುದ್ಧಿಂ ಗಿರಾಂ
ಜಾನೀತೇ ಜಯದೇವ ಏವ ಶರಣಃ ಶ್ಲಾಘ್ಯೋ ದುರೂಹದ್ರುತೇಃ|
ಶೃಂಗಾರೋತ್ತರಸತ್ಪ್ರಮೇಯರಸನೈಃ ಆಚಾರ್ಯ ಗೋವರ್ಧನ-
ಸ್ಪರ್ಧೀ ಕೋಽಪಿ ನ ವಿಶ್ರುತಃ ಶ್ರುತಿಧರೋ ಧೋಯೀ ಕವಿಕ್ಷ್ಮಾಪತಿಃ||
Poet Umapati is good at word craft, Sharana’s compositions are difficult to understand, there is no one to beat Govardhanacharya in depecting sringara (erotic sentiment) and King of poets Dhoyi holds the ear of everyone. Only Jayadeva knows which words are most appropriate to the context.
ಅಷ್ಟಪದೀ-೧
ಪ್ರಲಯಪಯೋಧಿಜಲೇ ಧೃತವಾನಸಿ ವೇದಂ
ವಿಹಿತವಹಿತ್ರಚರಿತ್ರಮಖೇದಂ|
ಕೇಶವ! ಧೃತ ಮೀನಶರೀರ ಜಯ ಜಗದೀಶ ಹರೇ || ೧||
O Keshava, Lord of the Worlds! You donned the form of a huge fish and effortlessly recovered the Vedas from the waters of the ocean during the great dissolution. Victory to you, O Hari!
ಕ್ಷಿತಿರತಿವಿಪುಲತರೇ ತವ ತಿಷ್ಠತಿ ಪೃಷ್ಠೇ
ಧರಣಿಧರಣಕಿಣಚಕ್ರಗರಿಷ್ಠೇ
ಕೇಶವ! ಧೃತಕಚ್ಛಪರೂಪ ಜಯ ಜಗದೀಶ ಹರೇ || ೨||
O Keshava, Lord of the Worlds! You took the form of a huge tortoise on whose expansive top shell stood the Mandara Mountain (which was used for the churning of Milky Ocean for nectar). Victory to you, O Hari!
ವಸತಿ ದಶನಶಿಖರೇ ಧರಣೀ ತವ ಲಗ್ನಾ
ಶಶಿನಿ ಕಲಂಕಕಲೇವ ನಿಮಗ್ನಾ
ಕೇಶವ! ಧೃತ ಸೂಕರರೂಪ ಜಯ ಜಗದೀಶ ಹರೇ || ೩||
O Keshava, Lord of the Worlds! You took the form of a gigantic boar and lifted up the Earth (from the ocean). The Earth resting at the tip of your white teeth looked like the mark on the bright surface of the moon. Victory to you, O Hari!
ತವ ಕರಕಮಲವರೇ ನಖಮದ್ಭುತಶೃಂಗಂ
ದಲಿತ ಹಿರಣ್ಯಕಶಿಪು ತನುಭೃಂಗಂ|
ಕೇಶವ! ಧೃತ ನರಹರಿರೂಪ ಜಯ ಜಗದೀಶ ಹರೇ || ೪||
O Keshava, Lord of the Worlds! You took the form of a man-lion with huge sharp nails in your lotus-hands by which you tore down the demon Hiranyakashipu like a honey-bee in a lotus flower. Victory to you, O Hari!
ಛಲಯಸಿ ವಿಕ್ರಮಣೇ ಬಲಿಮದ್ಭುತ ವಾಮನ
ಪದನಖನೀರಜನಿತಜನಪಾವನ
ಕೇಶವ ಧೃತ ವಾಮನರೂಪ ಜಯ ಜಗದೀಶ ಹರೇ || ೫||
O Keshava, Lord of the Worlds! You took the wonderful form of a dwarf (Vamans) and, outwitting Mahabali, cheated him (out of his whole kingdom) and purified the worlds by the water from the toes of your feet. Victory to you, O Hari!
ಕ್ಷತ್ರಿಯರುಧಿರಮಯೇ ಜಗದಪಗತಪಾಪಂ
ಸ್ನಪಯಸಿ ಪಯಸಿ ಶಮಿತ ಭವತಾಪಂ
ಕೇಶವ! ಧೃತ ಭೃಗುಪತಿರೂಪ ಜಯ ಜಗದೀಶ ಹರೇ || ೬||
O Keshava, Lord of the Worlds! You incarnated as Bhargava Rama and bathed the Earth with the blood of evil kshatriyas and relieved the world of their tyranny. Victory to you, O Hari!
ವಿತರಸಿ ದಿಕ್ಷು ರಣೇ ದಿಕ್ಪತಿ ಕಮನೀಯಂ
ದಶಮುಖಮೌಲಿಬಲಿಂ ರಮಣೀಯಂ
ಕೇಶವ! ಧೃತ ರಘುಪತಿರೂಪ ಜಯ ಜಗದೀಶ ಹರೇ || ೭||
O Keshava, Lord of the Worlds! You incaranated as Sriram and, in war, cut and despatched the ten heads of Ravana as pretty offerings to the presiding deities of the ten quarters. Victory to you, O Hari!
ವಹಸಿ ವಪುಷಿ ವಿಶದೇ ವಸನಂ ಜಲದಾಭಂ
ಹಲಹತಿಭೀತಿಮಿಲಿತಯಮುನಾಭಂ
ಕೇಶವ! ಧೃತ ಹಲಧರರೂಪ ಜಯ ಜಗದೀಶ ಹರೇ || ೮||
O Keshava, Lord of the Worlds! You incarnated as Balarama wearing, on your body of pure white complexion, clothes dark as the clouds and the dark Yamuna afraid of strikes from your plough. Victory to you, O Hari!
ನಿಂದಸಿ ಯಜ್ಞವಿಧೇರಹಹ ಶ್ರುತಿಜಾತಂ
ಸದಯ ಹೃದಯ ದರ್ಶಿತಪಶುಘಾತಂ
ಕೇಶವ! ಧೃತ ಬುದ್ಧಶರೀರ ಜಯ ಜಗದೀಶ ಹರೇ || ೯||
O Keshava, Lord of the Worlds! You incarnated as Buddha and, with a heart full of kindness, condemned the animal sacrifices prescribed in the Vedas. Victory to you, O Hari!
ಮ್ಲೇಚ್ಛನಿವಹನಿಧನೇ ಕಲಯಸಿ ಕರವಾಲಂ
ಧೂಮಕೇತುಮಿವ ಕಿಮಪಿ ಕರಾಲಂ
ಕೇಶವ! ಧೃತ ಕಲ್ಕಿಶರೀರ ಜಯ ಜಗದೀಶ ಹರೇ || ೧೦||
O Keshava, Lord of the Worlds! You will take the form of Kalki , like a comet, and take up a sharp sword to kill the hordes of mlechchas who repudiate the Vedas. Victory to you, O Hari!
ಶ್ರೀಜಯದೇವಕವೇರಿದಮುದಿತಮುದಾರಂ
ಶೃಣು ಸುಖದಂ ಶುಭದಂ ಭವಸಾರಂ
ಕೇಶವ! ಧೃತ ದಶವಿಧರೂಪ ಜಯ ಜಗದೀಶ ಹರೇ || ೧೧||
O Keshava, Lord of the Worlds! You took ten different forms in your ten incarnations.
May this gem of a hymn composed by poet Jayadeva, which is the essence in this samsara, bestow happiness and auspiciousness on those who hear it. Victory to you, O
Hari!
[Note: Krishna does not figure in this as an incarnation as He is considered the Supreme Personality of Goodhood while the other incarnations are only partial potencies of Krishna. Jayadeva has added Buddha as an incarnation to retain the conventional number of ten incarnations.]
(End of chapter-೧:prabandha-೧)
CHAPTER-೧
Prabandha-೨
ವೇದಾನುದ್ಧರತೇ ಜಗಂತಿ ವಹತೇ ಭೂಗೋಲಮುದ್ಬಿಭ್ರತೇ
ದೈತ್ಯಂ ದಾರಯತೇ ಬಲಿಂ ಛಲಯತೇ ಕ್ಷತ್ರಕ್ಷಯಂ ಕುರ್ವತೇ|
ಪೌಲಸ್ತ್ಯಂ ಜಯತೇ ಹಲಂ ಕಲಯತೇ ಕಾರುಣ್ಯಮಾತನ್ವತೇ
ಮ್ಲೇಚ್ಛಾನ್ಮೂರ್ಚ್ಛಯತೇ ದಶಾಕೃತಿಕೃತೇ ಕೃಷ್ಣಾಯ ತುಭ್ಯಂ ನಮಃ ||
O Krishna! prostrations before you who recovered the Vedas, held up the Mandara mountain, lifted up the Earth (submerged in the ocean), tore apart Hiranyakashipu, duped Mahabali, decimated kshatiryas, killed Ravana, took up the plough, showed kindness to animals and would kill the mlechchas as Kalki, taking ten different forms on each occasion.
ಅಷ್ಟಪದೀ-೨
ಶ್ರಿತಕಮಲಾಕುಚಮಂಡ|
ಧೃತಕುಂಡಲ ಕಲಿತ ಲಲಿತವನಮಾ||
ಜಯ ಜಯ ದೇವ ಹರೇ || ೧||
Resting on the bosom of Lakshmi, wearing ear-globes and sporting a garland of wild flowers, O Hari! Victory to thee.
ದಿನಮಣಿಮಂಡಲಮಂಡನ|
ಭವಖಂಡನ ಮುನಿಜನಮಾನಸಹಂಸ|| (ಜಯ ಜಯ…) || ೨||
Adorning the orb of the Sun, breaking the bonds of samsara, the swan in the hearts of hermits, O Hari! Victory to thee.
ಕಾಲಿಯವಿಷಧರಭಂಜನ|
ಜನರಂಜನ ಯದುಕುಲನಲಿನದಿನೇಶ|| (ಜಯ ಜಯ…) || ೩||
Conqueror of the serpent kaliya, delighter of the people, sun for the lotus of Yadu dynasty, O Hari! Victory to thee.
ಮಧುಮುರನರಕವಿನಾಶನ|
ಗರುಡಾಸನ ಸುರಕುಲಕೇಲಿನಿದಾನ|| (ಜಯ ಜಯ…) || ೪||
Slayer of demons Madhu, Mura and Naraka, seated on Garuda and the cause of happiness of the celestials, O Hari! Victory to thee.
ಅಮಲಕಮಲದಲಲೋಚನ|
ಭವಮೋಚನ ತ್ರಿಭುವನಭವನನಿದಾನ|| (ಜಯ ಜಯ…) || ೫||
Having eyes resembling the blemishless petals of the lotus, releasing devotees from the cycle of births and deaths and the very foundation of the edifice of the three worlds, OHari! victory to thee.
ಜನಕಸುತಾಕುಚಭೂಷ|
ಜಿತದೂಷಣ ಸಮರಶಮಿತದಶಕಂಠ|| (ಜಯ ಜಯ…) || ೬||
Adornment of the bosom of the daughter of Janaka(Sita), conqueror of Dushana (brother of Khara) and the slayer of Ravana, O Hari! victory to thee.
ಅಭಿನವಜಲಧರಸುಂದರ|
ಧೃತ ಮಂದರ ಶ್ರೀಮುಖಚಂದ್ರಚಕೋರ|| (ಜಯ ಜಯ…) || ೭||
Handsome as the newly formed cloud, uplifter of Mandara and the chakora bird drinking the nectar of the moon which is the face of Goddess Lakshmi, O Hari!, victory to thee.
ಶ್ರೀಜಯದೇವಕವೇರಿದಂ ಕುರುತೇ ಮುದಂ|
ಮಂಗಲಮುಜ್ಜ್ವಲಗೀತಂ || (ಜಯ ಜಯ…) || ೮||
This resplendent song by Poet Jayadeva delights people and
and brings auspiciousness. O Hari!, victory to thee.
---
ಪದ್ಮಾಪಯೋಧರತಟೀಪರಿರಂಭಲಗ್ನ-
ಕಾಶ್ಮೀರಮುದ್ರಿತಮುರೋ ಮಧುಸೂದನಸ್ಯ|
ವ್ಯಕ್ತಾನುರಾಗಮಿವ ಖೇಲದನಂಗ ಖೇದ-
ಸ್ವೇದಾಂಬುಪೂರಮನುಪೂರಯತು ಪ್ರಿಯಂ ವಃ ||
Krishna embraces Radha in love sport and the saffron on her breasts leaves its mark on his chest. May the profusion of perspiration on his body as the external manifestation of love fulfil all your wishes.
(End of chapter-೧:prabandha-೨)
CHAPTER-೧
Prabandha- ೩
ವಸಂತೇ ವಾಸಂತೀಕುಸುಮಸುಕುಮಾರೈರವಯವೈಃ
ಭ್ರಮಂತೀಂ ಕಾಂತಾರೇ ಬಹುವಿಹಿತಕೃಷ್ಣಾನುಸರಣಾಂ |
ಅಮಂದಂ ಕಂದರ್ಪಜ್ವರಜನಿತಚಿಂತಾಕುಲತಯಾ
ವಲತ್ಪಾದಾಂ ರಾಧಾಂ ಸರಸಮಿದಮೂಚೇ ಸಹಚರೀ ||
It is spring time and Radha of tender limbs like the flowers of the spring season is worried, tormented as she is by love-fever. She wanders hurriedly in the forests following in the footsteps of Krishna and her feet start aching. Her friend now speaks to her thus:
ಅಷ್ಟಪದೀ-೩
ಲಲಿತ-ಲವಂಗಲತಾ-ಪರಿಶೀಲನ-ಕೋಮಲ-ಮಲಯಸಮೀರೇ|
ಮಧುಕರ-ನಿಕರ-ಕರಂಬಿತ-ಕೋಕಿಲ-ಕೂಜಿತ-ಕುಂಜಕುಟೀರೇ||
ವಿಹರತಿ ಹರಿರಿಹ ಸರಸವಸಂತೇ |
ನೃತ್ಯತಿ ಯುವತಿಜನೇನ ಸಮಂ ಸಖಿ|
ವಿರಹಿಜನಸ್ಯ ದುರಂತೇ || ೧||
The cool breeze from the Malaya mountain blows embracing tender clove-creepers. There is the buzz of honey bees and the cooing of cuckoos. This is hell for those who are separated from their lovers. In this sweet spring time, Krishna is frolicking with a group of dancing young gopis
ಉನ್ಮದ-ಮದನ-ಮನೋರಥ-ಪಥಿಕ-ವಧೂಜನ-ಜನಿತ-ವಿಲಾಪೇ|
ಅಲಿಕುಲ-ಸಂಕುಲ-ಕುಸುಮ-ಸಮೂಹ-ನಿರಾಕುಲ-ವಕುಲ-ಕಲಾಪೇ|| (ವಿಹರತಿ…)|| ೨||
It is time when the wives of travellers away from home feel the pangs of separation, stricken as they are by the arrows of Cupid. Swarms of honey bees buzz around the abundance of flowers on the bakula trees. In this sweet spring time etc. … … …
ಮೃಗಮದ-ಸೌರಭ-ರಭಸ-ವಶಂವದ-ನವದಲಮಾಲ-ತಮಾಲೇ|
ಯುವಜನ-ಹೃದಯ-ವಿದಾರಣ-ಮನಸಿಜ-ನಖರುಚಿ-ಕಿಂಶುಕಜಾಲೇ|| (ವಿಹರತಿ…)|| ೩||
The tamala trees are clothed in newly sprouted tender leaves emitting the sweet smell of musk. The spread of golden-colored kimshuka flowers gives the impression that they are the radiance from the nails of Cupid who pierces the heart of young men. In this sweet spring time etc. … … …
ಮದನ-ಮಹೀಪತಿ-ಕನಕದಂಡರುಚಿ-ಕೇಸರ-ಕುಸುಮ-ವಿಕಾಸೇ|
ಮಿಲಿತ-ಶಿಲೀಮುಖ-ಪಾಟಲಪಟಲ-ಕೃತಸ್ಮರತೂಣ-ವಿಲಾಸೇ|| (ವಿಹರತಿ…)|| ೪||
The blooming kesara flowers give the impression of a golden umbrella over the head of Cupid. The cornucopia of patala flowers remind one of Cupid’s quiver full of arrows. In this sweet spring time etc. … … …
ವಿಗಲಿತ-ಲಜ್ಜಿತ-ಜಗದವಲೋಕನ-ತರುಣ-ಕರುಣ-ಕೃತ-ಹಾಸೇ|
ವಿರಹಿ-ನಿಕೃಂತನ-ಕುಂದಮುಖಾಕೃತಿ-ಕೇತಕಿ-ದಂತುರಿತಾಶೇ|| (ವಿಹರತಿ…)|| ೫||
It seems that the flowering young karuna trees are laughing at the world which has shed all shame in the spring season. The Ketaki flowers shaped like spear seem to pierce the heart of those who are separated from their lovers. In this sweet spring time etc. … … …
ಮಾಧವಿಕಾ-ಪರಿಮಲ-ಮಿಲಿತೇ ನವಮಾಲಿಕಯಾಽತಿಸುಗಂಧೌ|
ಮುನಿಮನಸಾಮಪಿಮೋಹನಕಾರಿಣಿ ತರುಣಾಕಾರಣಬಂಧೌ|| (ವಿಹರತಿ…)|| ೬||
Madhavi, chameli and navamallika flowers spread their soft fragrance during the spring season. It seduces the hearts of even hermits and saints. Spring is the selfless friend of the young. In this sweet spring time etc. … … …
ಸ್ಫುರದತಿ-ಮುಗ್ಧಲತಾ-ಪರಿರಂಭಣ-ಮುಕುಲಿತ-ಪುಲಕಿತ-ಚೂತೇ|
ಬೃಂದಾವನ-ವಿಪಿನೇ-ಪರಿಸರ-ಪರಿಗತ-ಯಮುನಾಜಲ-ಪೂತೇ|| (ವಿಹರತಿ…)|| ೭||
The mango tree embraced by the chameli creeper becomes ecstatic and sprouts buds. Vrindavan is purified by the water of the Yamuna which flows in the vicinity. In this sweet spring time etc. …
ಶ್ರೀಜಯದೇವಭಣಿತಮಿದಂ ಉದಯತಿ ಹರಿಚರಣಸ್ಮೃತಿಸಾರಂ|
ಸರಸ-ವಸಂತ-ಸಮಯ-ವನವರ್ಣನ-ಮನುಗತ-ಮದನವಿಕಾರಂ (ವಿಹರತಿ…)|| ೮||
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Poet Jayadeva, remembering the lotus feet of Hari, describes the sweet spring time in the forests of Vrindavan which gives impetus to the erotic sentiment in the young. In this sweet spring time etc. ……
(End of chapter-೧:prabandha-೩)
CHAPTER-೧
Prabandha- ೪
ದರವಿದಲಿತ ಮಲ್ಲೀವಲ್ಲೀ ಚಂಚತ್ಪರಾಗ-
ಪ್ರಕಟಿತ-ಪಟವಾಸೈ-ರ್ವಾಸಯನ್ಕಾನನಾನಿ |
ಇಹ ಹಿ ದಹತಿ ಚೇತಃ ಕೇತಕೀ-ಗಂಧ-ಬಂಧುಃ
ಪ್ರಸರದಸಮಬಾಣ-ಪ್ರಾಣವದ್ಗಂಧವಾಹಃ ||
The spring air spreads the fragrance of the half-open jasmine flowers in the forests of Vrinadavan. Carrying the fragrance of ketaki flowers, the spring air burns the hearts of those who are separated from their loved ones as if it is the soul of the God of love.
ಉನ್ಮೀಲನ್ಮಧುಗಂಧಲುಬ್ಧಮಧುಪವ್ಯಾಧೂತಚೂತಾಂಕುರ-
ಕ್ರೀಡತ್ಕೋಕಿಲಕಾಕಲೀಕಲಕಲೈರುದ್ಗೀರ್ಣಕರ್ಣಜ್ವರಾಃ |
ನೀಯಂತೇ ಪಥಿಕೈಃ ಕಥಂ ಕಥಮಪಿ ಧ್ಯಾನಾವಧಾನಕ್ಷಣ-
ಪ್ರಾಪ್ತಪ್ರಾಣಸಮಾಸಮಾಗಮರಸೋಲ್ಲಾಸೈರಮೀ ವಾಸರಾಃ||
Spring is the season when the mango tree sprout buds and spreads its frgrance all round. Attracted by this the honey bees flock to the mango tree and hang on the sprouting buds. The cuckoos also play and sing their songs sitting on the tops of mango trees inflicting pain in the ears of couples separated by long distance. The wayfarers, away from home and separated from their loved ones, have somehow to spend their days content with the very brief, imagined and visualsed unions with their loved ones.
ಅನೇಕನಾರೀಪರಿರಂಭಸಂಭ್ರಮ-
ಸ್ಫುರನ್ಮನೋಹಾರಿ-ವಿಲಾಸ-ಲಾಲಸಂ|
ಮುರಾರಿಮಾರಾದುಪದರ್ಶಯಂತ್ಯಸೌ
ಸಖೀ ಸಮಕ್ಷಂ ಪುನರಾಹ ರಾಧಿಕಾಂ ||
Radha’s friend (sakhi), showing her Krishna excitedly embracing many young gopis and enjoying himself, continues her dialogue with Radha:
ಅಷ್ಟಪದೀ-೪
ಚಂದನಚರ್ಚಿತ-ನೀಲಕಲೇಬರ-ಪೀತವಸನ-ವನಮಾಲಿ|
ಕೇಲಿಚಲ್ನ್ಮಣಿ-ಕುಂಡಲ-ಮಂಡಿತ-ಗಂಡಯುಗ-ಸ್ಮಿತಶಾಲಿ||
ಹರಿರಿಹ ಮುಗ್ಧವಧೂನಿಕರೇ ವಿಲಾಸಿನಿ ವಿಲಸತಿ ಕೇಲಿಪರೇ
ಹರಿರಿಹ ಮುಗ್ಧವಧೂನಿಕರೇ|| ೧||
Krishna has applied sandal paste on his dark blue body, is clothed in bright yellow and wears a garland of forest flowers. The ear-globes adorning his cheeks oscillate while sporting and he has a beautiful smile. Hari shines among the group of pretty young gopis engaged in frolicking
ಪೀನಪಯೋಧರ-ಭಾರ-ಭರೇಣ ಹರಿಂ ಪರಿರಭ್ಯ ಸರಾಗಂ|
ಗೋಪವಧೂರನುಗಾಯತಿ ಕಾಚಿತ್ ಉದಂಚಿತ-ಪಂಚಮ-ರಾಗಂ|| ೨|| (ಹರಿರಿಹ…)
One gopi carrying the weight of her ample bosom embraces Krishna with manifest love and gleefully sings in panchama raga. Hari shines etc.
ಕಾಪಿ ವಿಲಾಸ-ವಿಲೋಲ-ವಿಲೋಚನ-ಖೇಲನ-ಜನಿತ-ಮನೋಜಂ|
ಧ್ಯಾಯತಿ ಮುಗ್ಧವಧೂರಧಿಕಂ ಮಧುಸೂದನ-ವದನ-ಸರೋಜಂ || ೩|| (ಹರಿರಿಹ…)
A pretty artless gopi contemplates the handsome lotus-face of Madhusudana (slayer of Madhu, Krishna) with its moving, playful eyes radiating passion. Hari shines …..
ಕಾಪಿ ಕಪೋಲತಲೇ ಮಿಲಿತಾ ಲಪಿತುಂ ಕಿಮಪಿ ಶ್ರುತಿಮೂಲೇ|
ಚಾರು ಚುಚುಂಬ ನಿತಂಬವತೀ ದಯಿತಂ ಪುಲಕೈರನುಕೂಲೇ || ೪|| (ಹರಿರಿಹ…)
Some other gopi puts her cheek against Krishna’s to whisper something into his ears. Another one of broad hips kisses him, her hair standing on end. Hari shines etc…..
ಕೇಲಿಕಲಾ-ಕುತುಕೇನ ಚ ಕಾಚಿದಮುಂ ಯಮುನಾವನಕೂಲೇ|
ಮಂಜುಲ-ವಜ್ಜುಲ-ಕುಞಗತಂ ವಿಚಕರ್ಷ ಕರೇಣ ದುಕೂಲೇ || ೫|| (ಹರಿರಿಹ…)
Another gopi plafully leads Krishna to a pretty bower along the banks of Yamuna and starts pulling at his clothes. Hari shines etc…
ಕರತಲ-ತಾಲ-ತರಲ-ವಲಯಾವಲಿ-ಕಲಿತ-ಕಲಸ್ವನ-ವಂಶೇ
ರಾಸರಸೇ ಸಹ ನೃತ್ಯಪರಾ ಹರಿಣಾ ಯುವತಿಃ ಪ್ರಶಶಂಸೇ|| ೬|| (ಹರಿರಿಹ…)
Another gopi dances mingling the rhythmic tinkling of her bracelts with the melody from the flute of Krishna who praises her for her skills. Hari shines etc.
ಶ್ಲಿಷ್ಯತಿ ಕಾಮಪಿ ಚುಂಬತಿ ಕಾಮಪಿ ಕಾಮಪಿ ರಮಯತಿ ರಾಮಾಂ|
ಪಶ್ಯತಿ ಸಸ್ಮಿತಚಾರು ಪರಾಮಪರಾಮನುಗಚ್ಛತಿ ವಾಮಾಂ|| ೭|| (ಹರಿರಿಹ…)
Krishna embraces a gopi, kisses another, gladdens yet another, looks at another with a beautiful smile and follows another pretty one. Hari shines etc.
ಶ್ರೀಜಯದೇವ-ಭಣಿತಮಿದಂ ಅದ್ಭುತ-ಕೇಶವ-ಕೇಲಿ-ರಹಸ್ಯಂ|
ಬೃಂದಾವನವಿಪಿನೇ ಚರಿತಂ ವಿತನೋತು ಶುಭಾನಿ ಯಶಸ್ಯಂ || ೮|| (ಹರಿರಿಹ…)
Thus describes Jayadeva the secret of the rapturous sports of Krishna in the forests of Vrindavana. May this bestow auspiciousness and fame on those who hear this. Hari shines etc
ವಿಶ್ವೇಷಾಮನುರಂಜನೇನ ಜನಯನ್ನಾನಂದ-ಮಿಂದೀವರ-
ಶ್ರೇಣೀ-ಶ್ಯಾಮಲ-ಕೋಮಲೈ-ರುಪನಯನ್ನಂಗೈಃ ಅನಂಗೋತ್ಸವಂ |
ಸ್ವಚ್ಛಂದಂ ವ್ರಜಸುಂದರೀಭಿರಭಿತಃ ಪ್ರತ್ಯಂಗಮಾಲಿಂಗಿತಃ
ಶೃಂಗಾರಃ ಸಖಿ ಮೂರ್ತಿಮಾನಿವ ಮಧೌ ಮುಗ್ಧೋ ಹರಿಃ ಕ್ರೀಡತಿ ||
O Radha! Krishna gladdens the hearts of the gopis by embracing them. He leads the festival of the Love God by his handsome body dark blue as the blue lily. The pretty gopis freely embrace every limb of Krishna who is sporting in Spring as the very embodiment of the erotic sentiment.
ಅದ್ಯೋತ್ಸಂಗ-ವಸತ್ಭುಜಂಗ-ಕಬಲ-ಕ್ಲೇಶಾದಿವೇಶಾಚಲ-
ಪ್ರಾಲೇಯ-ಪ್ಲವನೇಚ್ಛಯಾಽನುಸರತಿ ಶ್ರೀಕಂಠಶೈಲಾನಿಲಃ|
ಕಿಂಚಿತ್ ಸ್ನಿಗ್ಧ-ರಸಾಲ-ಮೌಲಿ-ಕುಸುಮಾನ್ಯಲೋಕ್ಯ ಹರ್ಷೋದಯಾತ್
ಉನ್ಮೀಲಂತಿ ಕುಹೂಃ ಕುಹೂರಿತಿ ಕಲೋತ್ತಾಲಾಃ ಪಿಕಾನಾಂ ಗಿರಃ||
The air from malayachala is afraid of being gulped down by the serpents resident there, takes the path to the Himalayas in the hope floating on the ice there. The cuckoos, on the other hand, are overjoyed on seeing the smooth flowers on top of the mango trees and start cooing happily.
ರಾಸೋಲ್ಲಾಸಭರೇಣ ವಿಭ್ರಮಭೃತಾಂ ಆಭೀರವಾಮಬ್ರುವಾಂ
ಅಭ್ಯರ್ಣಂ ಪರಿರಭ್ಯ ನಿರ್ಭರಮುರಃ ಪ್ರೇಮಾಂಧಯಾ ರಾಧಯಾ|
ಸಾಧು ತ್ವದ್ವದನಂ ಸುಧಾಮಯಮಿತಿ ವ್ಯಾಹೃತ್ಯ ಗೀತಸ್ತುತಿ-
ವ್ಯಾಜಾದುದ್ಭಟಚುಂಬಿತಃ ಸ್ಮಿತಮನೋಹಾರೀ ಹರಿಃ ಪಾತು ವ: ||
Radha, blindly in love with Krishna, locked him in her embrace in front of all those pretty gopis who are excited after their frolicking with Krishna. Then Radha kisses him, saying to Krishna, in the guise of gitastuti, that his face is nectarine. May the beautiful smile which then lighted up Krishna’s face protect you all.
ಇತಿ ಶ್ರೀಗೀತಗೋವಿಂದೇ ಶೃಂಗಾರಮಹಾಕಾವ್ಯೇ ಶ್ರೀಕೃಷ್ಣದಾಸಜಯದೇವಕೃತೌ ಸಾಮೋದದಾಮೋದರೋನಾಮ ಪ್ರಥಮಃಸರ್ಗಃ
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